专升本英语语法:-ing形式”独立主格结构”
动词的-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。
Being ill, he went home.
由于生病,他回家了。
(= As he was very ill, he went home.)
Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.
在课桌旁坐好后,他开始看杂志。
(= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.)
1.表示时间的-ing形式作”独立主格结构”
Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class.
每个人都准备好后,老师开始上课。
(相当于一个时间状语从句When everyone was ready)
The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated.
每个人坐好后,主席开始开会。
(相当于一个时间状语从句after everyone was seated)
2.表示原因的-ing形式作”独立主格结构”
The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.
由那个男孩带路,我们没有困难就找到了那奇怪的洞。
(相当于一个原因状语从句Because the boy led the way)
Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous.许多眼睛看着他,他感到有点儿紧张。(相当于一个原因状语从句As many eyes were watching him)
必背:
含有being的独立主格结构。
It being National Day today,the streets are very crowded.
今天是国庆节,街上很拥挤。
= As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded.
There being no further business to discuss, we all went home.
没有别的事可讨论,我们都回家了。
= As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home.
3.表示条件的-ing形式作”独立主格结构”
Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week.
时间允许的话,我们下星期将进行一次野炊。
(相当于一个条件状语从句If time permits)
My health allowing, I will work far into the night.
我的健康许可的话,我愿工作到深夜。
(相当于一个条件状语从句If my health allows)
4.表示方式的-ing形式作”独立主格结构”
The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest.
学生们快乐地在学校里走着,每个人胸前都带着一张卡。
(相当于一个并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest)
The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky.
男孩躺在草地上,眼睛看着天空。
(相当于一个并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky)
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